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 continuation horizontally, not vertically connecting

References to scientific research and researchers
Scientific interest in psychotropic substances underlies this website. If drugs make their own brains, as in the seventies was reported (JM van Ree: Endorphines, endogenous morphine-like substances, 1978), what then is the 'normal' function of the receptors in which opium products operate. What does it say about the functioning of the brain? A second question was, what may be deduced from the fact that addictive substances clearly differ in their effects. What does that say about the brain?

The content of this website is based on a lot of fine research. This is a selection of researchers.

J. Olds and P. Milner (1955) described the reward center in the brain.
A. Wikler and Schuster CR (1967) compared the storage of external stimuli under the influence of opiates with learning as described by Pavlov (the incentive sensitisation).
The long term effect of this learning can be seen in the 'craving'. S. Freud (1905) pointed out the similarity between withdrawal symptoms and neuroses.
MA Bozarth (1994) found that addictive substances a brain system affect a neural substrate is the motivation and control behavior.
JM Van Ree (from 1970) and his colleagues showed in Several studies on the relationship of opioids in sexual and social behaviors.
AR Cools, B. Ellenbroek, G. Martens, R. de Kloet (2006) did studies on the relationship between risk-stress, cocaine and personality. Differences in personality of animals can be seen in the documentary 'Character', made by a group of biologists in collaboration with R. de Kloet.
Schoffelmeer ANM and T. de Vries (2001) showed a connection to the storage of external stimuli and the cannabinoid areas in the brain.
BJ Everitt and Wolf MA (2002) gave a diagram of the brain circuitry involved in addiction (see below).
D. Swaab (1980, 2010) stressed the importance of the influence of corticosteroids and emotional events of the mother during pregnancy period.
T. Roseboom investigates epigenetic effects of the hunger winter.
In the diagram of Everitt and Wolf 2002 of the brain circuitry involved in addiction, I have the routes of various addictive substances manually subscribed. That  the circuit in circuitry for 'food', 'love' and 'react to danger " has to be divided, is shown by the release of various hormones by the pituitary gland.

Accountability
On this website  a lot of  neuroscience research is brought together, the hard and interesting work of others. They are not responsible for the manner in which their investigations have been brought together. Of course I tried te remain as close as possible to their results. Phenomenology has been used as the main research methodology. I do consider this method suitable for a complex topic as the functioning of the brain. The guideline here is to get as many aspects as possible on a row and then look for the core.